Well drilling machine



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet '1.

H. KELLY. WELL DRILLING MACHINE;

' Patented Oct. 27

.4 Sheets-*Sheet 2.-

(No Model.)

H KELLY WELL DRILLING MACHINE.

Patented Oct. 27, 1896.

ZU/fivesss.

(No Model.) 4' Sheets-Sheet 3.

H. KELLY. WELL DRILLING MACHINE.

No. 570,130. Patented Oct. 27, 1896.

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H. KELLY. WELL D-RILLING'MAGHI'NE.

No. 570,130. Patented Oct. 27, 1896 v UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY KELLY, OF VV-ATERLOO, IOWVA, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND OLINBVTANEYHILL, OF SAME PLACE.

WELL-DRILLING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 570,130, dated October27, 1896. Application filed April 4:, 1896. Serial No. 586,233. (Nomodehl To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, HENRY KELLY, a citizen of the United States, residingat W'aterloo, in the county of Black Hawk and State of Iowa, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in ell-Drilling Machines,of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part thereof,in which Figure l is a side elevation in perspective of the improvedmachine arranged for operation of the drill by means of thecounterbalanced treadle beam or lever. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of theopposite side of the machine. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section on line3 3, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail showing the weighted treadle-beam shaft.Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the machine -as arranged when the drilland sand-bucket are to be operated by a walking-beam.

My invention relates to machines for drilling wells.

The objects are as follows: to simplify and cheapen existingconstructions; to render the machine less liable to breakage from shocksby operating, the treadle-beam or the Walking-beam from a large wheelwhich is weighted at the point where it acts upon either of said levers,whereby said weight will overcome the shock and also assist inovercoming the weight of the drill-rope and drill; also to provide thedrill-rope drum with an improved let-out and brake mechanism; also toprovide for operating the drill-rope from a treadlebeam or awalking-beam, as may be desired, certain localities favoring the one andcertain the other; also to provide an improved means for letting out andwinding the sand-bucket rope; also to provide means for holding thetreadle-beam down and out of the operative position when it is desiredto stop the drill without stopping the engine or when the walking-beamis to operate instead of the treadle-beam.

The invention consists of the various combinations and constructionshereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

A represents the framework of the machine, which may be of any suitableconstruction and which is supported by the front and rear,

wheeled axles, as usual in this class of machines.

Bis a vertical mast secured at its lower end to the rear end of theframe A and provided at its upper end with two small sandbucket-ropesheaves b I), while directly thereunder is the larger sheave I) for thedrillrope.

C is the combined fly and power or drive wheel, mounted on thetransverse shaft 0 adjacent to the front end of the frame and formed orprovided at one point with a counterbalancin'g-weight G at or adjacentto which are removably bolted by bolts or pins 0 a twoantifriction-wheels C 0 which form a cam to strike the free end of thetreadle beam or lever D, to be presently described. The shaft 0 isadapted to be driven from any suitable source of power, and the outerend of the shaft has a small transmitting-pulley c.

E is a transverse rock-shaft mounted in bearings F, bolted adjustably tothe under side of the rear ends of the lower longitudinal sills of theframe A. The ends of these bearings are provided with longitudinal slotsf, through which pass the bolts or screws f. The rock-shaft E hascastthereon at its middle an offset weight E and a socket E in which therear end of the treadle-beam D is rigidly secured by bolts d orotherwise. The weight E causes the shaft E to rock in one direction andraise the front or free end of the treadle-beain D into the path of thecam on the wheel 0, the raising of the treadlelever being furtherassist-ed by the weight of the drill. The adjustable bearings F permitthe treadle-beam to be adjusted longitudinally, so as to adjust its freeend properly for action by the rollers 0 0 Above the shaft E on theupper sides of the upper side bars of the frame A are mounted the doublebearings G G, and in the rear boxes g thereof is mounted the shaft 72.of the drill-rope drum H, while in the forward boxes 9 is mounted thedrum-operating shaft I, which is provided at one end with a pulley i,loosely connected with the pulley c by'a slack belt I. Said shaft I isalso provided at that end with a small gearvheel 1", meshing into thelarge gear-wheel'h" on the shaft 71.

J is a belt-tightening lever pivoted between its ends to the side of theframe, extending at the handle end to the rear end of the frame withinreach of the operator and provided at its opposite end with anupwardly-projecting bracket j, carrying an antifriction-rollerj, toengage the lower run of the belt I and tighten it when it is desired torotate the drum-operating shaft I and thereby rotate the drum and windthe drill-rope K thereon, the shaft I being virtually disconnected fromthe pulley a when the operator depresses the inner end of lever J. Theshaft I at its opposite ends is provided with a ratchet-wheel I engagedby a spring-pressed pawl 1 L is a lever pivoted to the frame A andhaving at its inner end a ca1n-like extension L, which engages the underside of the pawl I to raise it out of engagement with ratchetwheel Iwhen the outer end of the lever is raised in its guide Z.

The ratchet-wheel 1 is formed on its outer face with a brake-wheel L andthe lever L is provided directly thereunder with a brake L, whichengages the brake-wheel when the cam L raises the pawl I" out ofengagement with the ratchetwheel 1 The drill-rope K is wound on the drumII and extends thence downwardly around a pulley K, sliding and turningon a spindle K thence under a guide-pulley D on the upper side of thetreadle-beain D, and upwardly'to and over the sheave or pulley b. Itwill be seen, therefore, that as the powerwheel 0 is rotated in thedirection of the arrow in Fig. 1 the treadle beam will be depressed atevery revolution of the wheel, which will cause a downpull on thedrill'rope at the pulley D, and as soon as the wheel 0 and the beam aredisengaged the weight E will throw the free end of the treadle-beamupwardly, so that the drill will descend suddenly and not have to liftthe beam in doing so. Thus the drill loses none of its force indescending. \Vhenever it is desired to lower the drill a little, thelever L is raised, so that its cam will raise the pawl 1 from theratchet I and permit the shaft I to rotate the distance of one or moreratchet-teeth, and shaft I being geared to the drum II will permit it tobe rotated by the weight of the drill and thus pay out the drill-rope.In lowering a drill down into a boring the brake L will regulate therotation of the shaft I and drum lI. 'hen it is desired to raise thedrill out of the boring, the operator will depress lever J and thustighten the belt I, so that the shaft I will be rotated and in turnrotate the drum II in a direction which will cause the rope K to bewound thereon, and whenever the lever J is released the pawl and ratchetI I will hold the shaft I against rotating in a direction that wouldpermit rope K to unwind from the drum II.

A is the transverse buffer-beam, which has a rubber cushion or buffer Aon its under side to receive the blow from the treadle-beam D, as shownin Fig. 3, and from this beam hangs a laterally-swinging locking-bar M,connected by a link or to a bell-crank lever 'm, pivoted to the frame Aand having an operating-rod M extending to the rear end of the framewithin reach of the operator. The handle end of the fed M passes througha guide-bracket m and is there provided with two lateral projections mto engage the bracket and lock the rod so as to hold the bar M away fromthe treadle-beam D or directly thereabove. The drill may be stopped atany time by shifting this bar M over the trcadlebeam to hold itdepressed.

The sand-bucket mechanism will now be described.

A A are parallel uprights secured to the frame at opposite sides of thebuffer-beam A the upright A being against the front side of the beam Aand the upright A against the rear side thereof.

N is the drum, around which is wound the sand-bucket rope N, said drumbeing mounted at its outer end in a bearing on the upright A and at itsinner end journaled in the inner end of a longitudinally-extending leverO, pivoted to the standardA. By raising the handle end of the lever O,which extends within reach of the operator at the rear end of the frame,its inner end will be depressed and throw a friction-wheel N at theinner end of said drum into engagement with the periphery of the wheel0, so that the drum will be rotated in a direction to wind the rope Nand elevate the sand-bucket. The outer or handle end of the lever 0 maybe locked by means of the ratchet-bar O on the rear end of the frame, sothat the friction-wheel N may be held in or out of contact with wheel C.Normally the friction-wheel N is held out of engagement with wheel C andin contact with a brake P, formed of a fiat steel plate in the form of avertically-extending hook which is secured at its lower end to thetransverse beam A and having a curved upper end I encircling the upperportion of the friction -wheel and forming a curved spring brake-band.Thus in lowering the sand-bucket in the well the rotation of the drum Nmay be governed by bearing down on the free end of lever O to throw thefriction-wheel N through the open side of the hook-like brake-band withgreater or less force against said brake.

The rope N passes downwardly and rearwardlyfrom drum N, under aguide-roller Q, and thence upwardly and over the sheaves or pulleys Z)I) at the top of the mast-B. In win ding and unwinding the rope travelsalong this roller Q, but the roller serves the further purpose of sochanging the angle of strain of the rope N on the drum N that when thesand-bucket is filled its weight will cause the rope N to pull the innerend of the drum down, so that its friction-wheel N will contact with thewheel G and cause the rotation of the drum in a direction to wind itsrope and elevate the bucket. The bucket maybe,

however, raised and lowered at any time by' manipulating the lever O inaddition to the automatic action just described.

In some communities walking-beam machines are preferred, while in othersthe treadle-beam is preferred. The above-described maohine is providedfor the latter and that shown in Fig. 5 for the former. S is thewalking-beam, pivoted between its ends to the upper end of a standard S,having a cross-bar S at its lower end, through the ends of which passthe bolts 8 which extend down through apertures in the upper side barsof the frame A and are provided at their lower ends with securing-nuts.This walking-beam may thus be readily applied and removed and whenapplied does not interfere at all with the mast B. The inner end of theWalkingbeam'is provided with a depending pitman s, which is connected toone of the bolts or pins 0 after the removal of its roller C and theother roller and pin 0 0 The outer end of this walking-beam is providedwith two pulleys or sheaves 5 s and two other pulleys s s are mounted onthe walking-beam between its pivotal point and outer end. The drill-ropeK passes over the sheaves or pulleys s s, and the bucket N passes overthe sheaves or pulleys 3 The rocking of the walking-beam causes theoperation of the drill and bucket ropes, as will be readily understood.The said ropes are let out and wound just the same as where thetreadlebeam D is used. If desired, the walkingbeam S may be removed bysimply removing the pin or bolt which forms its axis and the standard Sallowed to remain on the frame, as it will not interfere in theslightest with the other parts. \Vhen the walking-beam S is used, thedrill-rope will not be passed through the guide-pulley D on thetreadlebeam D, but will pass from traveling pulley 'K past the shaft Iup to pulley or sheave s.

In practice all of the above-described elements of my machine are keptin stock or made to order and sold separately for use in replacing partsthat are broken or Worn out.

Having described my invention, what I claim is 1. A well-drillingmachine comprising the frame having a mast at the front end, sheaves atthe upper end of the mast, a drive-shaft at the rear end of the frame, acombined fly and power wheel on said shaft having a lateral cam orprojection, a drill-rope drum on the upper portion of the frame near themast, a let-out shaft geared to the shaft of the drillrope drum andoperatively connected with the drive-shaft, a counterbalanced rock-shaftj ournaled below the drill-rope drum and provided with a treadle-beamextending rearwardly with its free end in the downward path of the camor projection on said powerwheel to be depressed thereby and returned toits normal position by said counterbalance, a guide on the beam underwhich the drillrope extends between its drum and the mastsheave, asand-rope drum above and in front of the drive-shaft and having afriction-wheel on its inner end adapted to be depressed into engagementwith the periphery of the powerwheel, and a brake to engage saidfrictionwheel in its opposite movement, substantially as set forth.

2. In a well-drilling machine, a rocking weight socketed to receive theinner end of a treadle-beam, and means for journaling the weight to theframe of the machine; said weight serving to counterbalance the beam,substantially as set forth.

3. In a well-drilling machine, a treadlebeam rock-shaft provided on oneside witha weight and on its opposite side with a socket for the rearend of the treadle-beam, substantially as described.

4.. The combination with the rock-shaft provided on one side with aweight, and on its opposite side with a socket, of a treadle-beamrigidly secured at its rear end in said socket, substantially asdescribed.

5. In a well-drilling machine, a treadlebeam rock-shaft having a weightintegral with one side and an integral socket opposite thereto,substantially as described.

6. In a well-drilling machine, the combination with the frame, thedrive-shaft and the wheel thereon, of a sand-rope drum movably mountedat one end and having a frictionwheel at that end to engage theperiphery of the wheel on the drive-shaft, means for moving that end ofthe drum, and a spring brakeband secured at one end to the frame withits free end in the form of a vertically-extending hook encircling thefriction-wheel at its side opposite the drive-shaft wheel, substantiallyas set forth.

7. In a well-d rilling machine, the combination with a frame, the mastat the front end thereof, having sheaves at its upper end for thedrill-rope and the sand-bucket rope, respectively, the drill-rope drumat the front end of the frame, the drill-rope beam engaging thedrill-rope, and the drive-shaft having a combined fly and power wheeloperating the said beam, of a sand-rope drum above and in advance of thedrive-shaft and having one end movable toward and from the iiy-wheel andthere provided with a friction-wheel to engage the periphery of the saidliy-wheel, a spring brake-band in the form of a verticallyextending hooksecured at its lower end to the frame with its open side next to theflywheel and embracing with its hooked free end the said friction-wheel,and a guide below and in front of the sand-rope drum, and under whichthe sand-bucket rope passes to the mast-sheave, substantially asdescribed.

8. The combination with the drill -rope drum, of a shaft geared theretoto rotate the drum in either direction, and pawl andratchet mechanismfor locking the shaft to prevent unwinding of the drum, and a leverseparate and independent from the said pawl having a pawl-releaser andbrake to successively release the pawl and brake the said shaftsubstantially as described.

9. The combination with the drill rope drum, of a shaft geared theretoto rotate the drum in either direction, a ratchet and brakewheel on saidshaft, a pawl pivoted on the frame and engaging the ratchet, and a leverhaving a cam at its inner end to engage and release the pawl and abrake-block to engage said brake-wheel when the pawl is so released,substantially as described.

10. The combination with the frame, the power-wheel and the drill-ropebeam, operated by said wheel and having a pulley or sheave for thedrill-rope, of the drill-rope drum, having a large gear, thedrum-operating shaft having a small gear in mesh with said large gear;said shaft being adapted to be driven from the power-wheel shaft whenthe drum is to wind the drill-rope, a ratchet and brake-wheel,on thedrum-operating shaft. a pawl pivoted on the frame and engaging saidratchet, a lever separated from and engaging said pawl to throw it outof engagement with the ratchet, and a brake on the said lever andengaging the brake-wheel when the pawl is so disengaged, substantiallyas described.

11. A well-drillin g machine comprising the frame, the mast, the powercam-wheel journaled thereon, the treadle-beam extending at its free endinto the path of said cam-wheel and having a guide-pulley, for thedrill-rope between its ends, the drill-rope drum at the mast end of theframe, the spindle therebelow having a traveling pulley for thedrill-rope, the drum-operating shaft geared to the drum and having aratchet and a brake-wheel, a pawl engaging said ratchet, a leverseparate from and engaging the pawl to release it, a brake on said leverand engaging the brakewheel when the pawl is released, and mechanism forthrowing the drum-operating shaft into and out of gear with thecam-wheel shaft, substantially as described.

12. A well-drilling machine comprising the frame, the mast, thecam-wheel, the weighted rock-shaft mounted in adjustable bearings, thetreadle-beain extending from said rockshaft into the path of the cam,and having a drill-rope guide-pulley on its upper side, the

drill-rope drum, the operating-shaft thereof geared thereto, and havinga combined brake and pawl-and-ratohet let-out mechanism, and mechanismfor throwing the drum-operating shaft into and out of operativeconnection with the cam-wheel shaft, substantially as described.

13. A well-drilling machine, comprising a frame, a power-wheel providedwith a wristpin having a removable roller, a treadle-beam in the lowerportion of the frame in the path of the roller, a removablelongitudinally-extending walking-beam on the top of the frame and havinga connecting rod or pitman at its inner end adapted for connection withsaid wrist-pin upon the removal of the roller; whereby either beam maybe operated upon directly by the same powerwheel, substantially as setforth.

14. Awell-drillingmachine comprising the frame having a mast providedwith upper and lower pulleys or sheaves, a camwheel, a treadle-beamoperated thereby and having a drill-rope guide-pulley, a drill-ropedrum, a drum operating shaft geared thereto and adapted to be throwninto and out of connection with the cam-wheel shaft, a combinedpawl-and-ratchet and brake mechanism for the drum-shaft and having anoperating-lever extending to the mast end of the machine, the drill-ropeextending from the drum under the treadlebeam pulley thence up and overthe lower mast-sheave, the sand-rope drum having a friction-wheel at oneend over and adapted to engage the periphery of the camwheel, a pivoted,longitudinally-extending lever in which that end of said drum isjournaled; the opposite end of the lever extending to the mast end ofthe frame and there provided with a locking or ratchet bar, a curvedbrake-band partially encircling the said friction -wheel at its upperportion, a

guide roll or bar and the bucket-rope eXtend-' ing from the drum undersaid roll or bar and thence upwardly and over the top sheaves in themast, substantially as described.

